An evaluation framework for future integrated energy systems: A whole energy systems approach

The energy system is undergoing a transition driven by the need of achieving trilemma objectives: decarbonisation, acceptability and security. Energy systems integration connecting power, gas, heat transport systems, one possible pathway to drive flexibly cost-effectively. Nevertheless, more quantified evidence on performance future integrated towards policy objectives still needed for decision makers support this route. This paper first identifies expected changes upon integration, including new interactions interdependencies between its components actors. then argues whole approach evaluation represented six characteristics: multidimensional, multivectoral, systemic, futuristic, systematic, applicability. Based identified characteristics, reviews existing frameworks sustainability, qualitatively appraises their adequacy evaluating systems. review concludes that are not capable assessing lacking or characteristics. finally presents novel holistic framework based System-of-Systems analysis coupled with an indicator-based evaluation. proposed demonstrates characteristics as it enables respect multiple perspectives at different levels. Moreover, captures architecture highlights can also be systematically applied various scenarios in contexts. • Inadequacy sustainability. A founded system-of-systems approach. Validation through expert elicitation.